Sıkça Sorulan Sorular | Meningokok Menenjiti

1. Menenjit ve meningokok menenjiti arasındaki fark nedir?

Menenjit, beyni ve omuriliği kaplayan sıvı ve zarın enfeksiyonudur.¹

Meningokok menenjiti, Neisseria meningitidis bakterisinin neden olduğu bir menenjit türüdür.² Hızla ilerleyen^16,7 ve 24-48 saat içinde ölüme neden olabilen ciddi bir enfeksiyondur.²

2. Meningokok menenjiti nasıl yayılır?

Bu hastalığa neden olan bakteriler, tükürük gibi salgılar ile, yakın temas ile, hapşırma veya öksürme, öpüşme yoluyla ve aşırı kalabalık, yetersiz havalandırılmış ortamlarda kişiden kişiye bulaşabilir.^2,6,29

3. Meningokok menenjitinin belirtileri nelerdir?

Meningokok menenjitinin klasik belirtileri arasında ateş ve kusma, ense sertliği, ışığa duyarlılık, hızlı nefes alma, kızarıklık veya döküntü, iştah kaybı ve bıngıldak şişkinliği bulunur.^2,6,14,15,18

4. Meningokok menenjiti nasıl teşhis edilir?

Bir hekim meningokok menenjitinden şüphelenirse bakteri teşhisi için kan veya beyin omurilik sıvısı örnekleri toplar.^2,14

5. Meningokok menenjiti tedavisi nedir?

Antibiyotik tedavisine baslamak için mikrobiyolojik ve serolojik testlerin sonuçlanması beklenmemeli ve kullanılacak antibiyotiklerin ilk dozu 30 dakika içinde verilmelidir.³⁵ Meningokok hastalığı hızla ilerler; bu nedenle tedaviye mümkün olan en kısa sürede başlamak önemlidir.^2,35

6. Meningokok menenjiti nasıl önlenebilir?

Meningokok menenjitini önlemenin en iyi yolu aşılamadır.³³ Meningokok menenjitinin en yaygın 5 serogrubuna⁹ karşı korunmaya yardımcı olmak için iki tip aşı gereklidir.^2,33 İki tip aşıyı yaptırarak menenjiti menedebilirsiniz.³¹

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T.C Sağlık Bakanlığı, Menenjit, https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/tr/hastaliklar/menenjit.html Erişim Tarihi: Nisan 2025